Nazism and The Rise of Hitler class 9th

Smita -October 21, 2020

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Hitler
Class: 9th
Subject: Social Science (History)
Topic: Nazism and The Rise of Hitler
Resource: Notes, Important Questions

Class 9th Social Science (History) Nazism and The Rise of Hitler – Get here the Notes, Question for Class 9th Nationalism in India. Candidates who are ambitious to qualify the Class 10 with good score can check this article for Notes, By practicing this resources candidates definitely get the idea of which his/her weak areas and how to prepare well for the examination.

Germany fought the First World War (1914-1918) along with the Austrian empire and against the Allies ( England , France and Russia)
Germany initially made gains by occurring France and Belgium
However the Allies won defeating Germany and the Central Power in 1918.
Germany was defeated in the First World War.
After the war over , the Monarchy in Germany quits .

The Weimar Republic

A national Assembly met at Weimar to wrote a constitution .

Structure

Democratic constitution with a federal structure .

Universal Adult Franchise .

Defects

Article 48 gave the President the powers to impose emergency .

The Republic was not received well by its own people because of it had to accept the peace treaty of Versailles after Germany’s defeat at the end of First World War.

Treaty of Versailles

Germany lost its overseas colonies

13% of its territories

75% iron

26% coal

Germany Pay compensation of $6 billion

World war

Effect of the First world war

The war had a devastating impact on Germany both psychological and financially .
The New Republic carried the burden of war Guilt and national humiliation .
From being a creditor , Europe become a debtor .
The supporters of the Weimar Republic.
The supporter of the Weimer Republic were criticised and became easy targets of attack in the conservative nationalist circles.
Soldiers came to be placed above civilians.
Aggressive war propaganda and national honor became important .

Political Radicalism and Economic Crisis

The Sparta cist league was established on the pattern of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia .
Communist party in Germany .
The Weimer Republic crushed the uprising with the help of a war veterans organisation called Free Corps.
In 1923 , Germany refused to pay the war compensations so , France occupied its leading industrial area ‘Ruhr’.
To counter this Germany started printing paper currency recklessly .
The value of mark collapsed and the prices of goods rose .

The year of Depression

Wall street Exchange crashed in 1928.
Between 1929- 1932, the national income of the USA fell by half.
The effects of this recession in the US economy were felt worldwide .

Effects on Germany

Germany received short – term loans largely from the US.
Industrial production reduced .
Workers lost their jobs.
Youth took the criminal activities .
People lost confidence in the democratic parliamentary system .

Hitler’s Rise to power

Hitler was born in Austria in 1889.
He acted as a messenger , corporal in the First World War.
He joined the Germany Workers Party an renamed it National Socialist German Workers Party.
The later came to be known as the Nazi Party .
By 1932 it had become the largest party with 37% votes.

The Destruction of Democracy

On 30 January 1933 Hitler achieved the highest position in the cabinet of ministries .
Hitler now set out to dismantle the structures of democratic rule .
The Fire Decree of 28 February 1933 suspended civic rights like freedom of speech press and assembly.
Communist were hurriedly packed off to newly established concentration camps.
All political parties were banned.

Reconstruction

Hjalmar Schacht took over the responsibility of economic recover .
The state funded project produced the famous German superhighways and the people’s car the Volkswagen .
Hitler reoccupied the Rhineland in 1936.
He integrated Austria and Germany in 1938.
Hitler chose war to recover from economic crisis.

World War –II

On September 1939, Germany invaded Poland.
Started war with France and England.
In 1941 Germany attacked on Soviet Union.
Soviet army defeated Germany at Stalingrad.
US entered the war.
US drops atom bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan.
The war ended in May 1945 with Hitler’s defeat.

Nazi Worldwide

THE NAZI WORLDVIEW

• Nazi ideology was anonymous with Hitler's worldview According to Nazi ideology there was no equality between people, but only racial hierarchy

• The aspect of Hitler's ideology related to the geopolitical concept of living space He believed that new territories had to be acquired for settlement.

ESTABLISHMENT OF THE RACIAL STATE

• The Nazis quickly began to implement their dream of creating an exclusive racial community of pure Germans by physically eliminating all those who were considered undesirable.

• The other aspect of Hitler's ideology related to the geopolitical concept of Lebensraum, or living space Jews were the worst sufferers in Nazi Germany.

• The next phase, 1939-1945, aimed at concentrating them in certain areas and then to the Jewish problem.

YOUTH IN NAZI GERMANY

Hitler felt that a strong Nativity could be established by teaching Nazi ideology to children All schools were given German teachers
Children were divided into two group desirable and undesirable. Textbooks were rewritten functions of sports in schools was to nurture the spirit of violence and aggression.
Ten year-olds had to enter Jungvolk.

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THE NAZI CULT OF MOTHERHOOD

Women were told to be good mother and bear pure blooded Aryan children They were ensured to produce many children.

THE ART OF PROPAGANDA

The Nazi regime used language and media with care and often to great effort. They used alms, pictures, For, posters, etc to spread hatred foe jews.

CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY

People saw the world through Nasi eyes and spoke the Nazi language. At times even the Jews began to believe in the stereotypes about them.

ORDINARY PEOPLE AND CRIMES

AGAINST HUMANITY

Many saw the world through Nasi eyes, and w e their mind in Nazi language They felt hatred and anger surge inside them when they saw someone who looked like dew
But not every German was a Nani Many organized active resistance to Nazism, braving police repression and death.

KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE HOLOCAUST

Nazi killing operations were also called the Holocaust.
Denmark secretly rescued their Jews from Germany.

Revision chart

1.Nazism

• Nazism did not consists of some isolated acts It was a structure of ideas about the world and politics

2.Birth of the Weimar Republic and the Effects of the war

• Germany held the new Weimar Republic not only for defeat in the First World War but the disgrace at Versailles.

• The First World War had a great impact on European society and polity.

2.Political Radicalism and Economic crisis

The birth of the Weimar Republic coincided with the revolutionary uprising of the Spartacist League on the pattern of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia.

3.Hitler Rise to Power

• The crisis in the economy, polity and society created the background to Hitler's rise to power

4. Destruction of Democracy

Hitler set out to dismantle the structures of democratic rule.

5. Reconstruction

• Hitler also acquired quick successes in foreign policy.

• By the end of 1940, Hitler was at the pinnacle of his power.

6.The Nazi World view

• Nazi ideology was synonymous with Hitler's worldview.

• The Nazi ideology was simple: the strongest race would survive and the weak one would perish.

7.Youth in Nazi Germany

• Hitler was fanatically interested in the youth of Germany .

• The Youth League of the Nazis was founded in 1922.

8.The Racial Utopia and the Establishment of the Racial State

• Under the shadow of war, the Nazis proceeded to realise their murderous, racial ideal.

• The Nazis started quickly to implement their dream of creating an exclusive racial community of pure Germans.

9.The Nazi Cult of Motherhood and the Art of

Propaganda

• All members were not treated equally. • Nazi ideas were spread through visual images, films, radio, posters, slogans and leaflets.

10.Ordinary People and the Crimes Against

Humanity

Many people saw the world though Nazi and smoke their mind in Nazi language. eyes .

11.Knowledge about the Holocaust

• The Nazi killing operation was also known holocaust.

Important questions

ASSIGNMENT:

I. Very Short Answer Type Questions (1 Mark)

1. Who was Hjalmar Schacht?

2. When was the Enabling Act passed in Germany?

3. How was the Great Depression proved a boon to Nazism?

4.Who were the worst sufferers in Nazi Germany 1

II. Short Answer Type Questions (3 Marks)

5. The Pence Treaty of Versailles with Allies was a harsh and "humiliating peace

Justify the statement

6. How did the common people of Germany react to Nazi ideology?

7. What were the inherent defects of the Weimar Constitution? What made it unstable?

8. What was the status of mothers under Nazism?

III. Long Answer Type Questions (6 Marks)

9. Discuss why Nazism became popular in Germany by 1930.

10 Why was Nazi propaganda effective in creating a hatred for Jews?

11 Give an account of Hitler's Policy of economic reconstruction of Germany

12 In what way did the Nazi state seek to establish total control over its people?

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