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Development |
- Class: 10th
- Subject: Social Science (Economic)
- Subject: Development
- Resources: Notes, Important Questions
Class 10 Social Science (Economic) Development - Get notes here, questions for class 10. Those candidates who are ambitious to pass class 10 with good marks, can check this article for notes, by practicing this resource, the candidates definitely get to know that their weak area and good for the exam How to prepare.
Development:
It is a comprehensive term which includes increase in real per capita income, improvement in living standard of people, reduction in poverty, etc.
Development features :
- Different persons have different developmental goals.
- Income is a major component of development.
- National income is defined as the total value An of all the goods and services produced within a country plus net income coming from abroad.
Different types of goals
Common goals :
There are some needs which are common to all like income freedom, equality, security, respect, friendship, etc.
Different goals :
Development or progress does not mean the same thing for every individual. Each individual has his own idea of development. For example, development for a farmer might be better irrigation facilities; for an unemployed youth in may mean better employment opportunities, etc.
Conflicting goals :
What may be development for some, may become destruction for some others. For example, industrialists may want dams for electricity but such dams would displace the natives of the region.
Developed countries
These countries have high per capita income.
The standard of living of the people is high
Infant Mortality Rate is less.
Literacy rate is high.
USA, UK, Japan, etc. are examples.
Underdeveloped countries
These countries have low per capita income
The standard of living of the people is low.
Infant Mortality Rate is high
Literacy rate is low.
Nepal, Pakistan, etc. are examples.
Economic development of different countries or states.
Per Capita Income or Average Income :
Total income of the country or state divided by its total population
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR):
This indicates the number of children that die before the age of one year as a proportion of 1,000 live children born in that particular year.
Literacy rate:
This is the total percentage of the population of an area at a particular time aged 7 years or above who can read and write with understanding
Net attendance ratio:
This is the total number of children of age group 14-15 years attending school as a percentage of total number of children the same age group.
Body Mass Index (BMI).
1. For calculating BMI we should take the weight of the person in kg. Then, the height in metres is measured. Further the weight is divided by the square of the height
2.If this figure is less than 18.5, then the person would be considered undernourished. However, if this BMI is more than 25, then a person is overweight.
3.When the total national income is divided by the total population, it is called the per capita income.
Per Capita Income = National Income / Population
UNDP
(i) It has taken education, health, life expectancy and other important components as the base for
development.
(ii) It is a broad concept as it takes into account all the important components of human development.
(iii) UNDP considered as a broader concept of development. For example, India has been awarded 130 rank. (Report 2015)
World Bank
(1) It has taken per capita income as the base for economic development
(ii) It is a narrow concept as it takes into account only the income as the base.
(iii) World Bank has divided the countries into three categories-rich, middle and poor. (Report 2015) India comes under Lower middle-Income group.
Sustainable development
Sustainable development is a process as a result of which both income and economic welfare tend to increase in a manner without over exploiting natural resources.
Features
It leads to judicious use of resources.
It reduces our dependence on the non-renewable resources.
It is helpful in inventing alternative resources.
It promotes reuse and recycle of resources.
Questions Bank
Q.State any two developmental goals of a landless rural labourer.?
Ans. 1. More days of work and better wages
2.Quality education for his children
Q. State any two developmental goals of a girl.
Ans. Gender equality.
Girls empowerment
Q. 4. State any two developmental goals of people other than income.
Ans. Freedom
Equal treatment
Q. State any two developmental goals of a rural woman.
Ans. Dignity in the household
A safe and secure environment.
Q. Why do people look at a mix of goals for development?
Ans. Because, these are not only about better welcome but also about other important things in life.
Q.Why do people have different development goals?
Ans. Development for one may not be development for the others because people seek things that are most important for them.
Q. Write any one indicator of Human Development Index.
Ans. Educational levels of the people
Q. What term is used for report published by UNDP which compares countries based on the educational levels of the people, their health status and Per Capita Income?
Ans. Human Development Report
Q. What are the three components of Human Development Index?
Ans. Per Capita Income
Life Expectancy
Literacy Rate.
Q. What is India's rank according to 2015 HDI?
Ans. 130
Q. Mention any two parameters where Sri Lanka has scored over India in HDI.
Ans. Per capita income
Literacy rate.
Q. Define life expectancy?
Ans. Average expected length of life of a person at the time of birth
Q. What is life expectancy in India?
Ans. 62.8 years
Important questions :
1. What is development? Mention any four features of development?
2. Explain common, different and conflicting goals by giving examples?
3.How is BMI used to determine of a person?
4."Money cannot buy all the goods and services that one needs to live well"? Explain
5 What are the differences between UNDP and World Bank?
6. Compare economic development of a nation?
7. What are the difference between human development and economic development?
8. Why is the issue of sustainability important for development?
9.what is the significance of human development index?
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Economic Class 10