Class VI Social Science

 

Holiday Homework Class 6th
 

HISTORY

Class 6 Social Science 

History 
Chapter 2- From Hunting – Gathering to Growing Food”

1. Complete the sentences

(a) Hunter-gatherers chose to live in caves and rock shelters because – they found

protection from rains, winds and sunlight.

(b) Grasslands developed around —-12,000 years— ago

 

2. Why do people who grow crops have to stay in the same place for a long time?

Ans:

When they plant a seed, it takes some time to grow. Depending on the type of seeds used, the time taken would vary from days, weeks, months and years. It means they had to stay in the same place to take care of the plants by watering, weeding, driving away animals and birds .

3. Why do archaeologists think that many people who lived in Mehrgarh were hunters to start with and that herding became more important later?

Ans:

Archaeologists found the bones of many animals such as deer in the earlier levels. Hence, they could conclude that they were hunters to start with. Herding became important because they found bones of sheep and goat in the later levels.

4. Why did the hunter-gatherers travel from place to place? In what ways are these similar to/different from the reasons for which we travel today?

Ans:

There are 3 reasons

1. They would have eaten up all the plant and animal resources.
2. Animals move from place to place, hence they had to follow their movement
3. They need water to survive and many rivers and lakes were seasonal. So, they had to go in search of water during dry seasons.

5. List three ways in which hunter-gatherers used fire (see page 15). Would you use fire for any of these purposes today?

Ans:

It was primarily used for 3 purposes.

1. Clearing forest area
2. Cooking
3. For protection from wild animals

Nowadays, we use fire for:

1. To keep ourselves warm
2. Cooking

Chapter 3
 “In the Earliest Cities”

1. How do archaeologists know that cloth was used in the Harappan civilization?

Ans:

Actual pieces of cloth were found attached to the lid of a silver vase and some copper objects at Mohenjo-Daro. Archaeologists have also found spindle whorls, made of terracotta and faience. These were used to spin thread.

2. Match the columns

Ans:

Copper                                        Rajasthan

Gold                                            Karnataka

Tin                                              Afghanistan

Precious Stones                           Gujarat, Afghanistan   

3. Why were metals, writing, the wheel and the plough important for the Harappans?

Ans:

Metals – used for making tools, ornaments, vessels, weapons

Writing – for communication purposes

Wheel – for pottery and for making carts used for travelling

Plough – used for farming purposes

4. Make a list of all the terracotta toys shown in the lesson. Which do you think children would have enjoyed playing the most?

Ans:

1. Toy Plough
2. Toy Cart
3. Many Terracotta toys in the shape of different animals

5. Make a list of what the Harappans ate and put a tick mark against the things you eat today.

Ans:

We can find a list of 9 different items.

1. Peas
2. Barley
3. Rice
4. Wheat
5. Fruits
6. Mustard
7. Linseed
8. Sesame
9. Pulses

 Chapter 4

 “What Books and Burials Tell Us”

1. Complete the sentences

(a) Slaves were used for work

(b) Megaliths are found in South India, Kashmir, North East

(c) Stone circles or boulders on the surface were used to point out the exact place of burial

(d) Port-holes were used for burying other members of the same family at the same place

(e) People at Inamgaon ate peas, pulses, rice, barley, sesame 

2. In what ways are the books we read today different from the Rigveda?

Ans:

The books we use are written and printed. Rigveda was recited and heard rather than read. It was written down several centuries after it was first composed and printed less than 200 years ago.

3. What kind of evidence from burials do archaeologists use to find out whether there were social differences amongst those who were buried?

Ans:

Archaeologists found that in some burials, skeletons found were buried with pots. The number of pots buried was more if the person had higher social status.

4. In what ways do you think that the life of a raja was different from that of a dasa or dasi?

Ans:

Raja had the highest social status, whereas dasa or dasi had the lowest social status. The latter were treated like slaves. They were captured from wars.

Chapter 5 

Kingdoms, Kings and An Early Republic

1.  Explain the terms: hunter-gatherers, farmers, traders, craftsperson, herders.

Ans: 

Farmers – Gave one-sixth of the produce to the state

Craftsperson- contributed to labour

Herder- contributed in the form of animal produce

Traders – stimulated commercial activity by buying and selling goods

Hunter-gatherers – would provide forest produce such as elephants, furs and other items as a tribute.

2.  Who were the groups who could not participate in the assemblies of the ganas?

Ans:

The following groups couldn’t participate in the assemblies of the ganas:

1. Women

2. Dasas, the slaves

3. Kammakaras, the landless labourers

3.  Why did the rajas of mahajanapadas build forts?

Ans: 

The rajas of mahajanapadas built forts in order to defend their capital city from attacks by other rajas. It is also probable that they wanted to show how rich and powerful they were by building large and powerful walls.

4. In what ways are present-day elections different from the ways in which rulers were chosen in janapadas?

Ans:

 In janapadas, men became ‘rajas’ by performing the Ashvamedha sacrifice. The rajas who let the Ashvamedha horse pass through their lands meant that they accepted the supremacy of the raja who wanted to perform the sacrifice.

In modern times, leaders are elected through a democratic system. Every citizen who is 18 years or older has the right to cast his. 

5. Find out whether any of the groups mentioned in answer 2 pay taxes today

Solution: Out of the groups mentioned in answer 2, traders are the ones who pay taxes today.

6. Find out whether the groups mentioned in answer 3 have voting rights.

Solution: Today, voting rights are not decided by gender or profession. Women, ‘Kammakaras’ and ‘Dasas’ – all are entitled to vote today.

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